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"Prognosis"

Original Articles

Prognostic Factors in Craniocervical Realignment for Crainovertebral Junction Kyphosis With Negative Cervical Imbalance: A Comprehensive Study
Dong Hun Kim, Jae Taek Hong, Jin Young Kim, Kang Bin Koo, Dae Hee Lee, Jung Woo Hur, Ho Jin Lee, Il Sup Kim
Neurospine 2025;22(3):725-736.   Published online September 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2550990.495

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Prognostic Factors in Craniocervical Realignment for Crainovertebral Junction Kyphosis With Negative Cervical Imbalance: A Comprehensive Study
Neurospine. 2025;22(3):725-736.   Published online September 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2550990.495
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Prognostic Factors in Craniocervical Realignment for Crainovertebral Junction Kyphosis With Negative Cervical Imbalance: A Comprehensive Study
Neurospine. 2025;22(3):725-736.   Published online September 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2550990.495
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Objective
To elucidate the clinical outcomes of craniocervical realignment surgery in patients with craniovertebral junction (CVJ) kyphosis accompanied by negative sagittal imbalance, and to identify radiological predictors associated with favorable outcomes.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 28 patients who underwent craniocervical realignment between 2014 and 2022 for CVJ kyphosis with accompanying negative sagittal imbalance. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Neck Disability Index (NDI), visual analogue scale for neck pain, and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score. Radiographic parameters included the C0–2 angle and the C2–7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA). Favorable outcomes were defined as an improvement of more than 20 points in the NDI and a JOA recovery rate exceeding 50%. Multiple linear regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors and to determine optimal threshold values.
Results
Significant improvements in both clinical outcomes and radiographic alignment were observed in association with craniocervical realignment surgery. Patients who achieved favorable outcomes exhibited greater postoperative changes in the C0–2 angle and the C2–7 SVA. Multivariate analysis identified changesm in the C0–2 angle (p=0.019) and C2–7 SVA (p=0.010) as independent predictors of NDI improvement, while age (p=0.033) and C2–7 SVA change (p=0.037) were independently associated with the JOA recovery rate. ROC curve analysis determined optimal cutoff values of ≥10.65° for C0–2 angle change and ≥19.2 mm for C2–7 SVA change, with corresponding area under the curve values of 0.872 and 0.802, respectively.
Conclusion
Craniocervical realignment appears to be a viable surgical option for patients with CVJ kyphosis and negative sagittal imbalance. Postoperative changes in C0–2 angle and C2–7 SVA were found to be associated with favorable clinical and functional outcomes, suggesting their potential role as prognostic factors.
  • 2,005 View
  • 60 Download
  • 1 Web of Science

Spinal Cord Disorders

A Novel Clinical Insight Into Idiopathic Syringomyelia With Occult Arachnoid Webs: Neuropathological Features, Differential Diagnosis, and Surgical Strategy
Chunli Lu, Min Yin, Fan Yuan, Chenyuan Ding, Xingwen Wang, Fengzeng Jian
Neurospine 2025;22(3):846-858.   Published online September 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2550278.139

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A Novel Clinical Insight Into Idiopathic Syringomyelia With Occult Arachnoid Webs: Neuropathological Features, Differential Diagnosis, and Surgical Strategy
Neurospine. 2025;22(3):846-858.   Published online September 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2550278.139
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A Novel Clinical Insight Into Idiopathic Syringomyelia With Occult Arachnoid Webs: Neuropathological Features, Differential Diagnosis, and Surgical Strategy
Neurospine. 2025;22(3):846-858.   Published online September 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2550278.139
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Objective
Idiopathic syringomyelia (IS) associated with occult arachnoid pathology is a relatively rare condition characterized by a subtle onset, atypical clinical manifestations, and significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study aims to evaluate the radiographic and clinicopathological features of IS to improve surgical management and patient outcomes.
Methods
In this study, clinical and radiologic data were retrospectively extracted from a single-center syringomyelia database (N=1,039) spanning December 2020 to March 2025. Among these, 15 patients diagnosed with IS underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and myelography to identify the responsible spinal segments precisely. Comprehensive perioperative assessments and clinical outcomes were collected. During surgery, the subarachnoid space (SAS) was thoroughly explored, with complete removal of thickened and adherent arachnoid tissue to restore normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation. Additionally, clinical data, pathological features, and surgical outcomes of IS were compared to those of posttraumatic delayed syringomyelia (PTDS) to evaluate potential differences.
Results
In this series, all patients underwent preoperative myelography, revealing varying degrees of SAS obstruction. For IS cases that received precise and comprehensive arachnoid lysis, overall postoperative outcomes were favorable. Intraoperative pathology confirmed that all IS cases were characterized by noninfectious, nonacute inflammation. The preoperative maximal syrinx/cord ratio averaged 0.70±0.07 (range, 0.54–0.88), while the syrinx resolution rate varied from 12.2% to 100%, with a mean improvement of 29.6%. Patients with PTDS exhibited a relatively higher incidence of hypesthesia and a greater syrinx tension index. However, no significant differences were observed between IS and PTDS in terms of syrinx length, deviation, or location. Notably, the IS group demonstrated significantly better postoperative syrinx resolution and improvement in syringomyelia-related symptoms compared to the PTDS group.
Conclusion
While both IS and PTDS share a common underlying mechanism of arachnoid adhesions, they differ significantly in pathological features, treatment approaches, and clinical outcomes. In cases of IS, thorough spinal arachnoid lysis at the affected segment could restore normal spinal cord pulsation and CSF circulation, leading to effective syrinx resolution and a favorable long-term prognosis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • The role of spinal cord pulsatility in the pathogenesis of Post-traumatic syringomyelia: A novel hypothesis
    Feifan Xu, Fengzeng Jian, Jian Guan, Zhiqiang Yi, Xingwen Wang
    Medical Hypotheses.2026; 209: 111924.     CrossRef
  • Extracellular Vesicle-Based Biomarkers in Spinal Cord Injury: A State-of-the-Art Review on Diagnostic and Prognostic Advances
    Trung Nhan Vo, Hae Eun Shin, Yeji Kim, Inbo Han
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2026; 27(4): 2079.     CrossRef
  • 6,038 View
  • 44 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref

Review Article

Regular Issue

Epidemiology, Characteristics, and Prognostic Factors of Primary Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors in the Spinal Canal: A Systematic Review
Zhibin Li, Yubo Wang, Liyan Zhao, Yunqian Li
Neurospine 2024;21(1):182-203.   Published online January 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2347096.548

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Epidemiology, Characteristics, and Prognostic Factors of Primary Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors in the Spinal Canal: A Systematic Review
Neurospine. 2024;21(1):182-203.   Published online January 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2347096.548
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Epidemiology, Characteristics, and Prognostic Factors of Primary Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors in the Spinal Canal: A Systematic Review
Neurospine. 2024;21(1):182-203.   Published online January 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2347096.548
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Primary atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RTs) in the spinal canal are rare central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms that are challenging to diagnose and treat. To date, there has been no standard treatment regimen for these challenging malignant tumors. Thus, we conducted this research to explore potential prognostic factors and feasible treatment modalities for improving the prognosis of these tumors. Articles were retrieved from the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases, using the keywords “atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor,” “rhabdoid tumor,” “spine,” “spinal,” “spinal neoplasm”, and “spinal cord neoplasm.” All eligible cases demonstrated SMARCB1-deficient expression validated by pathological examination. We collected and analyzed data related to clinical presentation, radiological features, pathological characteristics, treatment modalities and prognosis via Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. Thirty-six articles comprising 58 spinal AT/RT patients were included in the study. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 18 and 22 months, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated significant survival improvements for OS in the nonmetastasis, male, radiotherapy and intrathecal chemotherapy groups as well as for PFS in the chemotherapy and radiotherapy groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that chemotherapy and radiotherapy were prognostic factors for improved PFS, and that intrathecal chemotherapy reduced the risk of mortality. Spinal AT/RTs are uncommon malignant entities with a dismal survival rate. Although our review is limited by variability between cases, there is some evidence revealing potential risk factors and the importance of systematic chemotherapy, intrathecal chemotherapy and radiotherapy in spinal AT/RT treatment modalities.

Citations

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  • Pediatric Spinal Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor: Recent Advances in Biology and Management Options
    Ruby Siada, Kaushik Banerjee, Payal Malhotra, Mohannad Ibrahim, Daniel C. Moreira, John R. Prensner, Santhosh A. Upadhyaya
    Cancers.2026; 18(7): 1171.     CrossRef
  • Right Upper Lobe Pulmonary Spindle Cell Neoplasm With Rhabdoid Differentiation and Spinal Canal Invasion in a 19‐Year‐Old Female: A Case Report
    Quang Dai La, Aiman Baloch, Sobia Ahmed, Muhammad Ayub, Shanmukh Bachhu, Eric Teng, Hafsa Qayyum, Nam T. Nguyen
    Clinical Case Reports.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Spinal Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor with Metastatic Lesions in the Bilateral Acoustic Nerves
    Miki Iketani, Yusuke Takase, Shinji Tanioka, Koichi Yoshida, Yuki Matsuoka, Ayano Ishiyama, Hirofumi Koike, Hiroyuki Moriuchi, Yasutomo Funakoshi
    Pediatric Blood & Cancer.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Influence of remazolam and propofol on intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring during spinal surgery: A prospective randomized study
    Ying Zhou, Hai-Fang Li, Yan-Ping Li, Ya-Jing Niu, Qi-Chao Su, Zhi-Hui Ma
    Medicine.2025; 104(37): e43943.     CrossRef
  • Histogenesis of Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumors: Anatomical and Embryological Perspectives
    Tadanori Tomita
    Cancers.2025; 18(1): 8.     CrossRef
  • 7,515 View
  • 113 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref

Original Articles

Delay of Surgery for Spinal Metastasis due to the COVID-19 Outbreak Affected Patient Outcomes
Chia-Jung Hsieh, Chun-Yu Wu, Yen-Heng Lin, Yu-Cheng Huang, Wen-Chi Yang, Tom Wei-Wu Chen, Wei-Li Ma, Wei-Hsin Lin, Feng-Ming Hsu, Furen Xiao, Shih-Hung Yang, Dar-Ming Lai, Chang-Mu Chen, Shin-Yi Chao, Fon-Yih Tsuang
Neurospine 2023;20(4):1431-1442.   Published online December 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2346726.363

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Delay of Surgery for Spinal Metastasis due to the COVID-19 Outbreak Affected Patient Outcomes
Neurospine. 2023;20(4):1431-1442.   Published online December 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2346726.363
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Delay of Surgery for Spinal Metastasis due to the COVID-19 Outbreak Affected Patient Outcomes
Neurospine. 2023;20(4):1431-1442.   Published online December 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2346726.363
Close
Objective
The present study is to analyze the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 2019) outbreak and the subsequent lockdown on the outcomes of spinal metastasis patients.
Methods
The study was a retrospective analysis of data from a prospective cohort study. All patients underwent surgical intervention for spinal metastases between January 2019 and December 2021 and had at least 3 months of postoperative follow-up. The primary outcome was overall mortality during the 4 different stages (pre-COVID-19 era, COVID-19 pandemic except in Taiwan, national lockdown, lifting of the lockdown). The secondary outcomes were the oncological severity scores, medical/surgical accessibility, and patient functional outcome during the 4 periods as well as survival/mortality.
Results
A total of 233 patients were included. The overall mortality rate was 41.20%. During the Taiwan lockdown, more patients received palliative surgery than other surgical methods, and no total en bloc spondylectomy was performed. The time from surgeon visit to operation was approximately doubled after the COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan (75.97, 86.63, 168.79, and 166.91 hours in the 4 periods, respectively). The estimated survival probability was highest after the national lockdown was lifted and lowest during the lockdown. In the multivariate analysis, increased risk of mortality was observed with delay of surgery, with emergency surgery having a higher risk with delays above 33 hours, urgent surgery (below 59 and above 111 hours), and elective surgery (above 332 hours).
Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic and related policies have altered daily clinical practice and negatively impacted the survival of patients with spinal metastases.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Diagnostic errors in spinal metastases: a systematic review of contributing clinical and systemic factors
    Kyron Wicker, Robert Tran, Robert Ablove
    European Spine Journal.2026; 35(2): 732.     CrossRef
  • Incorporation of whole-body metabolic tumor burden into current prognostic models for nonsmall cell lung cancer patients with spine metastasis
    Yoontae Hong, Yeon-koo Kang, Eun Bi Park, Min-Sung Kim, Yunhee Choi, Siyoung Lee, Chang-Hyun Lee, Jun-Hoe Kim, Miso Kim, Jin Chul Paeng, Chi Heon Kim
    The Spine Journal.2025; 25(2): 306.     CrossRef
  • The long-lasting impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on population-based cancer survival: what are the implications for data analysis?
    Rachael Stannard, Paul C. Lambert, Georgios Lyratzopoulos, Therese M.-L. Andersson, Sam Khan, Mark J. Rutherford
    British Journal of Cancer.2025; 132(8): 673.     CrossRef
  • Patterns of Treatment Delay in Patients with Symptomatic Metastatic Epidural Spinal Cord Compression
    Shilin Wang, James T. P. D. Hallinan, Cherie Lin Hui Tan, Khye Gin Eugene Chua, Alex Quok An Teo, Naresh Kumar, Gabriel Liu, Hwee Weng Dennis Hey, Joseph Thambiah, Leok-Lim Lau, Hee-Kit Wong, Yiong-Huak Chan, Jiong Hao Jonathan Tan
    Cancers.2025; 17(4): 595.     CrossRef
  • Evaluating the Outcomes of Vertebral Biopsies Performed in Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Halil Bulut, Chuck Lam, Veer Sheth, Iihan Ali, Christos Tsagkaris, Morgan Jones, Rajesh Botchu, Constantino Errani, Azmi Hamzaoglu, Korhan Ozkan
    Osteology.2025; 5(4): 30.     CrossRef
  • Morphogenetic Designs, and Disease Models in Central Nervous System Organoids
    Minsung Bock, Sung Jun Hong, Songzi Zhang, Yerin Yu, Somin Lee, Haeeun Shin, Byung Hyune Choi, Inbo Han
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(14): 7750.     CrossRef
  • 4,879 View
  • 134 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref

NSJ: Spinal Intramedullary Tumor

Clinical Characteristics and Long-term Outcomes of Spinal Pilocytic Astrocytomas: A Multicenter Retrospective Study by the Neurospinal Society of Japan
Jun Muto, Hidetoshi Murata, Seiji Shigekawa, Takafumi Mitsuhara, Daisuke Umebayashi, Ryo Kanematsu, Masahiro Joko, Tatsushi Inoue, Tomoo Inoue, Toshiki Endo, Yuichi Hirose, for the Investigators of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors in the Neurospinal Society of Japan
Neurospine 2023;20(3):774-782.   Published online September 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2346450.225

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Clinical Characteristics and Long-term Outcomes of Spinal Pilocytic Astrocytomas: A Multicenter Retrospective Study by the Neurospinal Society of Japan
Neurospine. 2023;20(3):774-782.   Published online September 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2346450.225
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Clinical Characteristics and Long-term Outcomes of Spinal Pilocytic Astrocytomas: A Multicenter Retrospective Study by the Neurospinal Society of Japan
Neurospine. 2023;20(3):774-782.   Published online September 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2346450.225
Close
Objective
The characteristics, imaging features, long-term surgical outcomes, and recurrence rates of primary spinal pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) have not been clarified owing to their rarity and limited reports. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the clinical presentation, radiological features, pathological findings, and long-term outcomes of spinal PAs.
Methods
Eighteen patients with spinal PAs who were surgically treated between 2009 and 2020 at 58 institutions were included in this retrospective multicenter study. Patient data, including demographics, radiographic features, treatment modalities, and long-term outcomes, were evaluated.
Results
Among the 18 consecutive patients identified, 11 were women and 7 were men; the mean age at presentation was 31 years (3–73 years). Most PAs were located eccentrically, were solid or heterogeneous in appearance (cystic and solid), and had unclear margins. Gross total resection (GTR), subtotal resection (STR), partial resection (PR), and biopsy were performed in 28%, 33%, 33%, and 5% of cases, respectively. During a follow-up period of 65 ± 49 months, 4 patients developed a recurrence; however, the recurrence-free survival did not differ significantly between the GTR and non-GTR (STR, PR, and biopsy) groups.
Conclusion
Primary spinal PAs are rare and present as eccentric and intermixed cystic and solid intramedullary cervical tumors. The imaging features of spinal PAs are nonspecific, and a definitive diagnosis requires pathological support. Surgical resection with prevention of neurological deterioration can serve as the first-line treatment; however, the resection rate does not affect recurrence-free survival. Investigation of relevant molecular biomarkers is required to elucidate the regrowth risk and prognostic factors.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Thoracic intramedullary spinal cord astrocytoma associated with syringomyelia: a case report of gross total resection
    Igin Ginting, Larona Hydravianto, Lukas Widhiyanto
    International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2026; 138(3): 987.     CrossRef
  • The 4S of spinal astrocytoma: specific location, syrinx, spasticity and score on Modified Mccormick Scale (MMS) predict long term outcomes in patients undergoing surgical resection of intramedullary spinal astrocytomas
    Bhavya Pahwa, Gaurav Singh, Shashank Sharad Kale
    Journal of Neuro-Oncology.2025; 171(1): 131.     CrossRef
  • Current Treatment Outcomes for Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors in Japan
    Toshiki Endo, Yoshiharu Takahashi, Taketo Nishizawa, Akira Ito, Tatsuya Sasaki
    Japanese Journal of Neurosurgery.2025; 34(6): 327.     CrossRef
  • The Role of Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy, and Targeted Therapies in Adult Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors
    Ines Esparragosa Vazquez, François Ducray
    Cancers.2024; 16(16): 2781.     CrossRef
  • Cervical Pilocytic Astrocytoma Mimicking Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Case Report and Literature Review
    Morgane M Soler-Rico, Lina Daoud, Edward Fomekong
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Inside Story of the Multi–center Studies in the Neurospinal Society of Japan
    Keisuke Takai
    Spinal Surgery.2024; 38(2): 105.     CrossRef
  • Current Trends and Future Perspective of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumor Treatments
    Toshiki Endo, Yoshiharu Takahashi, Taketo Nishizawa, Tatsuya Sasaki
    Japanese Journal of Neurosurgery.2024; 33(6): 408.     CrossRef
  • 8,329 View
  • 213 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 7 Crossref
Perioperative Clinical Features and Long-term Prognosis After Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion (OLIF), OLIF With Anterolateral Screw Fixation, or OLIF With Percutaneous Pedicle Fixation: A Comprehensive Treatment Strategy for Patients With Lumbar Degenerative Disease
Xiangyu Zhang, Yutian Wang, Weikang Zhang, Shaocheng Liu, Zhenlei Liu, Kai Wang, Hao Wu
Neurospine 2023;20(2):536-549.   Published online June 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244954.477

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Perioperative Clinical Features and Long-term Prognosis After Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion (OLIF), OLIF With Anterolateral Screw Fixation, or OLIF With Percutaneous Pedicle Fixation: A Comprehensive Treatment Strategy for Patients With Lumbar Degenerative Disease
Neurospine. 2023;20(2):536-549.   Published online June 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244954.477
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Perioperative Clinical Features and Long-term Prognosis After Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion (OLIF), OLIF With Anterolateral Screw Fixation, or OLIF With Percutaneous Pedicle Fixation: A Comprehensive Treatment Strategy for Patients With Lumbar Degenerative Disease
Neurospine. 2023;20(2):536-549.   Published online June 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244954.477
Close
Objective
To compare the efficacy of oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF), OLIF combined with anterolateral screw fixation (OLIF-AF), and OLIF combined with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (OLIF-PF) in the treatment of single-level or 2-level degenerative lumbar disease.
Methods
Between January 2017 and 2021, 71 patients were treated with OLIF and combined OLIF. The demographic data, clinical outcomes, radiographic outcomes, and complications were compared among the 3 groups.
Results
The operative time and intraoperative blood loss in the OLIF (p<0.05) and OLIF-AF (p<0.05) groups were lower than in the OLIF-PF group. Posterior disk height improvement in the OLIF-PF group was better than in the OLIF (p<0.05) and OLIF-AF (p<0.05) groups. In terms of foraminal height (FH), the OLIF-PF group was significantly better than the OLIF group (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the OLIF-PF and OLIF-AF groups (p>0.05) or between the OLIF and OLIF-AF groups (p>0.05). There were no significant differences in fusion rates, the incidence of complications, lumbar lordosis, anterior disc height, and cross-sectional area among the 3 groups (p>0.05). The OLIF-PF group had significantly lower rates of subsidence than the OLIF group (p<0.05).
Conclusion
OLIF remains a viable option with similar patient-reported outcomes and fusion rates compared with surgeries that include lateral and posterior internal fixation while greatly reducing the financial burden, intraoperative time, and intraoperative blood loss. OLIF has a higher subsidence rate than lateral and posterior internal fixation, but most subsidence is mild and has no adverse effect on clinical and radiographic outcomes.

Citations

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  • Biomechanical evaluation of a novel L-shaped side-locking plate combined with OLIF: a finite element analysis considering 3 different bone densities
    Zemin Wang, Lijun Wang, Honglai Zhang, Wei Guo, Wei Yang, Wanzhong Yang, Shiyong Wang, Rong Ma, Zhaohui Ge
    Frontiers in Surgery.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparison of clinical outcomes between unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and oblique lumbar interbody fusion with posterior percutaneous screw fixation in patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis
    Ye-Hui Wang, Xiang Gao, You-Peng Hu, Guo-Sheng Tang, Wei Cui, Shi-Peng Yang, Si-Mao Song, Wei Hou, Xuan-Geng Deng
    Frontiers in Surgery.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Combined With Anterolateral Fixation and Cement Augmentation for the Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Diseases in the Elderly Population: A Retrospective Study
    Weiqi Han, Lei He, Fei Wang, Xiaofeng Zhao, Cong Jin
    Orthopaedic Surgery.2025; 17(2): 446.     CrossRef
  • Biomechanical insights into anterolateral vertebral screw fixation in osteoporotic spines: a comparative study of fixation methods and positions using porcine vertebrae
    Ming-Kai Hsieh, Yun-Da Li, Weng-Pin Chen, De-Mei Lee, Ching-Lung Tai
    Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Differences in radiographic and clinical outcomes of different oblique lumbar interbody fusions for lumbar degenerative diseases: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis
    Zhiyuan Dai, Haomiao Yang, Yinjia Yan, Shuhe Zhu, Weiqing Qian
    Neurosurgical Review.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Therapy Potential of Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion 360 for Severe Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
    Lei Li, Yan Wang, Hao Zhang, Jialuo Han, Changpeng Qu, Yihao Sun, Hao Tao, Xuexiao Ma
    Orthopaedic Surgery.2025; 17(4): 1114.     CrossRef
  • Biomechanical Comparison of a Novel Facet Joint Fusion Fixation Device With Conventional Pedicle Screw Fixation Device: A Finite Element Analysis
    Feilong Sun, Haiyang Qiu, Yufei Ji, Longchao Wang, Wei Lei, Yang Zhang
    Orthopaedic Surgery.2025; 17(4): 1230.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of the therapeutic efficacy of OLIF combined with posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of patients with primary lumbar spondylodiscitis
    Liang Deng, Yu Zhou, Moliang Xiong, Jihuan Zeng, Caiguang Luo, Jia Guo, Qiang Xiao
    Frontiers in Surgery.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) implants and lumbar disc replacement: Design, current status, and future directions
    Stipe Ćorluka, Stjepan Ivandić, Mišo Krstičević, Tomislav Čengić
    Seminars in Spine Surgery.2025; 37(1): 101165.     CrossRef
  • Biomechanical evaluation of various fixation strategies in oblique lumbar interbody fusion: a finite element analysis
    Jinyue He, Jiezhong Deng, Yu Xiang, Yusheng Yang, Sheng Liao, Hui Chen, Fei Luo, Jianzhong Xu, Zhongrong Zhang, Zehua Zhang
    BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparison of oblique lumbar interbody fusion with pedicle screw fixation versus stress endplate augmentation and anterolateral screw fixation for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis in osteoporotic patients
    Jiahong Nong, Zhuhai Li, Xiaoping Mu, Jiacheng Jin, Dayang Shi, Haoxi Li, Zhengyi Huang, Zhanghua Wu, Yan Mo, Jianxun Wei
    European Spine Journal.2025; 34(12): 5664.     CrossRef
  • MRI-based vertebral and endplate bone quality scores for assessing patient suitability in oblique lumbar interbody fusion with anterolateral screw fixation
    Jiacheng Jin, Zhuhai Li, Xiaoping Mu, Jiahong Nong, Xiaodong Wei, Fuyu Chen, Dayang Shi, Tingsheng Lu, Lihang Wang, Haoxi Li, Jianxun Wei
    Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Biomechanics of Cage for Stand-alone Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion
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  • Clinical, Radiographic and Fusion Comparison of Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion (OLIF) stand-alone and OLIF with posterior pedicle screw fixation in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis
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  • Simultaneous Single-Position Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Combined With Unilateral Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation for Single-Level Lumbar Tuberculosis: A 3-Year Retrospective Comparative Study
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    Neurospine.2023; 20(4): 1306.     CrossRef
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Regular Issue

Relationship Between Syrinx Resolution and Cervical Sagittal Realignment Following Decompression Surgery for Chiari I Malformation Related Syringomyelia Based on Configuration Phenotypes
Chunli Lu, Longbing Ma, Jian Guan, Zhenlei Liu, Kai Wang, Wanru Duan, Zan Chen, Hao Wu, Fengzeng Jian
Neurospine 2022;19(4):1057-1070.   Published online December 31, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244530.265

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Relationship Between Syrinx Resolution and Cervical Sagittal Realignment Following Decompression Surgery for Chiari I Malformation Related Syringomyelia Based on Configuration Phenotypes
Neurospine. 2022;19(4):1057-1070.   Published online December 31, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244530.265
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Relationship Between Syrinx Resolution and Cervical Sagittal Realignment Following Decompression Surgery for Chiari I Malformation Related Syringomyelia Based on Configuration Phenotypes
Neurospine. 2022;19(4):1057-1070.   Published online December 31, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244530.265
Close
Objective
Combined with different configuration types of syringomyelia, to analyze the correlation between syrinx resolution and changes in cervical sagittal alignment following Foramen magnum and Magendie dredging (FMMD) for syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformation (CM-I), and to further explore the respective relationship with clinical outcome.
Methods
A consecutive series of 127 patients with CM-I and syringomyelia who underwent FMMD in our center met the inclusion criteria of this study. Their clinical records and radiologic data were retrospectively reviewed. The Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scoring system and the Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS) were used to evaluate the surgical efficacy. The phenotypes of syringomyelia and the clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed according to grouping by cervical curvature at baseline.
Results
The preoperative straight or kyphotic cervical alignment is more common in the moniliform syrinx. After surgery, the syrinx resolution and cervical sagittal realignment in the moniliform group are more obvious, and the corresponding prognosis is relatively better. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the ΔS/C ratio (the change ratio of syrinx/cord) was positively correlated with the CCOS (p = 0.001, r = 0.897) and ΔC2–7A (the change of lower cervical angle) (p = 0.002, r = 0.560). There was also a correlation between the ΔJOA score (the change rate of the JOA score) and ΔC2–7A (p = 0.012, r = 0.467).
Conclusion
After decompression surgery, syrinx resolution may coexist with the changes in the subaxial lordosis angle, especially for syrinx in moniliform type, and the relationship between syrinx resolution and cervical sagittal realignment might be valuable for evaluating the surgical outcome.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Efficacy of neurosurgical intervention in syrinx resolution in patients presenting with Chiari malformation type I and syringomyelia: a systematic review and radiological meta-analysis
    Adharsh Suraj Prasad, Aqif Farhan bin Azmil Farid, Isaac Tang Jing Wen, Thomas Zhang, Chandrasekaran Kaliaperumal
    Neurosurgical Review.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Correlation Among Syrinx Resolution, Cervical Sagittal Realignment, and Surgical Outcome After Posterior Reduction for Basilar Invagination, Atlantoaxial Dislocation, and Syringomyelia
    Chunli Lu, Wanru Duan, Can Zhang, Yueqi Du, Xinyu Wang, Longbing Ma, Kai Wang, Hao Wu, Zan Chen, Fengzeng Jian
    Operative Neurosurgery.2023; 25(2): 125.     CrossRef
  • Individualized Functional Decompression Options for Adult Chiari Malformation With Syringomyelia and A Novel Scale for Syringomyelia Resolution: A Single-Center Experience
    Shiyuan Han, Bo Hou, Zhimin Li, Feng Feng, Yongning Li, Jun Gao
    Neurospine.2023; 20(4): 1501.     CrossRef
  • 9,584 View
  • 168 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
Phenotypes and Prognostic Factors of Syringomyelia in Single-Center Patients With Chiari I Malformation: Moniliform Type as a Special Configuration
Chunli Lu, Longbing Ma, Chenghua Yuan, Lei Cheng, Xinyu Wang, Wanru Duan, Kai Wang, Zan Chen, Hao Wu, Gao Zeng, Fengzeng Jian
Neurospine 2022;19(3):816-827.   Published online September 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244332.166

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Phenotypes and Prognostic Factors of Syringomyelia in Single-Center Patients With Chiari I Malformation: Moniliform Type as a Special Configuration
Neurospine. 2022;19(3):816-827.   Published online September 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244332.166
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Phenotypes and Prognostic Factors of Syringomyelia in Single-Center Patients With Chiari I Malformation: Moniliform Type as a Special Configuration
Neurospine. 2022;19(3):816-827.   Published online September 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244332.166
Close
Objective
The specific association between morphometric characteristics of the syrinx and the prognosis of Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) with syringomyelia following surgical procedure seems to have not been fully elaborated. This study focused on the preoperative clinical and radiologic parameters in CM-I patients with syringomyelia to find out the relationship between the patients’ clinical status and the phenotypes of the syrinx with surgical outcome.
Methods
A continuous series of pediatric and adult patients with CM-I and syringomyelia from a prospectively maintained database in a single center were included, and we explored the related factors affecting the prognosis following decompression surgery through retrospective analysis of clinical presentations, imaging characteristics, and the morphological features of syringomyelia, to provide a clinical reference for the treatment of syringomyelia.
Results
There were 28 pediatric patients (13.8%), and 174 adults (86.2%) included in our study. The average Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale score was 14.56 ± 1.78. The overall prognosis after surgery was good in our series, among them 152 cases (75.25%) with a favorable prognosis, and syrinx was resolved effectively in 172 cases (85.15%). According to the univariate and multivariate analyses, the preoperative symptom duration, observation time, and with/without moniliform type were independent factors affecting the prognosis in adults. The most obvious difference between moniliform type and nonmoniliform type lies in the preoperative symptom duration, ventral subarachnoid space at the foramen magnum, and with/without straightened cervical physio-curve.
Conclusion
Timely decompression surgery could achieve a better outcome in CM-I patients with syringomyelia. Moniliform syringomyelia may suggest a relatively better prognosis.

Citations

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  • Chiari 1 Malformation, Factors That May Influence Decision Making, and Introducing the Chiari 1 Malformation Severity Classification System
    Stuart Holder, Muath Abdelkarim Abbakr, Amelia Haynes, Taofiq Desmond Sanusi
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(17): 6113.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of neurosurgical intervention in syrinx resolution in patients presenting with Chiari malformation type I and syringomyelia: a systematic review and radiological meta-analysis
    Adharsh Suraj Prasad, Aqif Farhan bin Azmil Farid, Isaac Tang Jing Wen, Thomas Zhang, Chandrasekaran Kaliaperumal
    Neurosurgical Review.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • ChatGPT as a Decision Support Tool in the Management of Chiari I Malformation: A Comparison to 2023 CNS Guidelines
    Ethan D.L. Brown, Apratim Maity, Max Ward, Daniel Toscano, Griffin R. Baum, Mark A. Mittler, Sheng-Fu Larry Lo, Randy S. D'Amico
    World Neurosurgery.2024; 191: e304.     CrossRef
  • Post-traumatic syringomyelia resolution following surgical treatment: the moniliform syrinx with a better prognosis
    Chunli Lu, Jian Guan, Chenyuan Ding, Xingwen Wang, Zuowei Wang, Zan Chen, Hao Wu, Fengzeng Jian
    Acta Neurologica Belgica.2023; 123(3): 1061.     CrossRef
  • Single-cell transcriptomics reveals ependymal subtypes related to cytoskeleton dynamics as the core driver of syringomyelia pathological development
    Chunli Lu, Xianming Wu, Xinyu Wang, Zhifeng Xiao, Longbing Ma, Jianwu Dai, Fengzeng Jian
    iScience.2023; 26(6): 106850.     CrossRef
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    Longnian Zhou, Haoru Dong, Yiming Tao, Yuanqing Ding, Haiyue Lin, Rong Xie
    Journal of Neurorestoratology.2023; 11(4): 100079.     CrossRef
  • The Physiological Occlusion of the Central Canal May Be a Prerequisite for Syringomyelia Formation
    Chuan Jiang, Xinyu Wang, Chunli Lu, Qian Li, Longbing Ma, Wei Li, Shengyu Cui, Kang Li, Xiang Wang, Yuxin Feng, Fengzeng Jian
    Neurospine.2023; 20(4): 1346.     CrossRef
  • Individualized Functional Decompression Options for Adult Chiari Malformation With Syringomyelia and A Novel Scale for Syringomyelia Resolution: A Single-Center Experience
    Shiyuan Han, Bo Hou, Zhimin Li, Feng Feng, Yongning Li, Jun Gao
    Neurospine.2023; 20(4): 1501.     CrossRef
  • 10,652 View
  • 214 Download
  • 8 Web of Science
  • 8 Crossref

Review Article

Pyogenic Vertebral Osteomyelitis: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Ji-Woong Kwon, Seung-Jae Hyun, Sang-Hyun Han, Ki-Jeong Kim, Tae-Ahn Jahng
Korean J Spine 2017;14(2):27-34.   Published online June 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2017.14.2.27

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Pyogenic Vertebral Osteomyelitis: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Korean J Spine. 2017;14(2):27-34.   Published online June 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2017.14.2.27
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Pyogenic Vertebral Osteomyelitis: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Korean J Spine. 2017;14(2):27-34.   Published online June 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2017.14.2.27
Close
Pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO) may result in neurological deficits and sequelae, so early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are critical. Many previous studies on PVO exist, but our paper has aimed to comprehensively summarize the clinical aspects of PVO. Through review of the vast literature on the clinical research of PVO an overview of the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, treatment and prognosis is provided.

Citations

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    Global Spine Journal.2026; 16(2): 1192.     CrossRef
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    Yu-Kai Kuo, Yen-Kuang Lin, Jie-Wei Chang, Ching-Yu Lee, Young-Hoon Kim, Tsung-Jen Huang, Meng-Huang Wu, Kee-Yong Ha
    World Neurosurgery.2025; 196: 123802.     CrossRef
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    Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease.2025; 112(3): 116824.     CrossRef
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    MOJ Orthopedics & Rheumatology.2025; 17(2): 25.     CrossRef
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    Rina Therese R. Madelar, Manabu Ito
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Clinical Articles

Predictors of Outcome in Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Undergoing Unilateral Open-Door Laminoplasty
Ji-Won Shin, Sung-Won Jin, Se-Hoon Kim, Jong-Il Choi, Bum-Joon Kim, Sang-Dae Kim, Dong-Jun Lim
Korean J Spine 2015;12(4):261-266.   Published online December 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2015.12.4.261

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Predictors of Outcome in Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Undergoing Unilateral Open-Door Laminoplasty
Korean J Spine. 2015;12(4):261-266.   Published online December 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2015.12.4.261
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Predictors of Outcome in Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Undergoing Unilateral Open-Door Laminoplasty
Korean J Spine. 2015;12(4):261-266.   Published online December 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2015.12.4.261
Close
Objective

This study aimed to analyze prognostic factors affecting surgical outcomes of expansive laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

Methods

Using the Frankel scale and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scale, we retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of 45 consecutive patients who underwent modified unilateral open-door laminoplasty using hydroxyapatite spacers and malleable titanium miniplates between June 2008 and May 2014. The patients were assigned to the good and poor clinical outcome groups, with good outcome defined as a JOA recovery rate >75%.

Results

The mean preoperative JOA scale was significantly higher in the good outcome group (14.95±3.21 vs. 10.78±6.07, p<0.001), whereas the preoperative cervical range of motion (ROM) in this group was significantly lower (29.89°±10.11 vs. 44.35°± 8.88, p<0.001). In univariate analysis, a high preoperative JOA scale (odds ratio (OR) 1.271, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.005-1.607) and low preoperative cervical ROM(OR 0.858, 95% CI 0.786-0.936) were statistically correlated with good outcomes. Furthermore, these factors demonstrated an independent association with clinical outcomes (preoperative JOA scale: OR 1.344, 95% CI 1.019-1.774, p=0.036; preoperative cervical ROM: OR 0.860, 95% CI 0.788-0.940, p=0.001).

Conclusion

In this study, a high preoperative JOA scale was associated with good clinical outcome after laminoplasty, whereas a higher preoperative cervical spine ROM was associated with poor clinical outcome. This may suggests that cervical mobility and preoperative neurological status affect clinical outcomes of laminoplasty.

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  • Optimizing the Application of Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 10]
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Long-term Follow-up (Minimum 5 Years) Study of Single-level Posterior Dynamic Stabilization in Lumbar Degenerative Disease; 'Interspinous U' & 'DIAM'
Yeon Joon Kim, Sang Gu Lee, Chan Woo Park, Seong Son, Woo Kyung Kim
Korean J Spine 2012;9(2):102-107.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2012.9.2.102

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Long-term Follow-up (Minimum 5 Years) Study of Single-level Posterior Dynamic Stabilization in Lumbar Degenerative Disease; 'Interspinous U' & 'DIAM'
Korean J Spine. 2012;9(2):102-107.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2012.9.2.102
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Long-term Follow-up (Minimum 5 Years) Study of Single-level Posterior Dynamic Stabilization in Lumbar Degenerative Disease; 'Interspinous U' & 'DIAM'
Korean J Spine. 2012;9(2):102-107.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2012.9.2.102
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Objectives

Recently posterior dynamic stabilizations (PDS) are increased in degenerative lumbar disease. But, some previous studies had doubts its long term prognosis. Long term clinical and radiological results of PDS using interspinous device (Interspinous U, DIAM) were analyzed.

Methods

We have used the 'interspinous U' and 'DIAM' for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. We included single level lumbar spinal stenosis patients who completed minimum 60 months follow-up evaluation. All patients checked plain lateral and flexion-extension views at immediately after the surgery and each follow-up. The clinical outcome was measured by Odom's criteria. Complications including post operative infection, bony erosion, device fracture, device malformations, and instabilities were surveyed.

Results

We included 18 for 'Interspinous U' and 7 patients 'DIAM' groups. Mean follow-up durations for 'Interspinous U' and 'DIAM' were 74.6 and 62.6 months, respectively. Satisfactory groups were 50.0% and 42.9 % for 'Interspinous U' and 'DIAM' groups. In 'Interspinous U' group disc height ratio increased transiently in immediate postoperative period (from 0.18 to 0.21) and then, decreased significantly in last follow-up (0.18). In 'DIAM' group, disc height ratio increased transiently in immediate postoperative period (from 0.18 to 0.19), and then decreased significantly in the last follow-up (0.16). Three (16.7%) and two (28.6%) patients undergo on a re-operation due to severe back pain in 'Interspinous U' and 'DIAM' groups.

Conclusion

Long term follow up 'Interspinous U' and 'DIAM' group showed low patient satisfaction and poor radiological outcomes. To ascertain the benefit of PDS compare with posterior screw fixation, prospective analysis with larger population and multi-center study will be needed.

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Case Report

Spinal Epidural Cavernous Hemangioma Resembling a Metastatic Tumor in an 89-year-old Man: A Case Report.
Jong Hyuk Park, Suk Hyung Kang, Seung Won Park
Korean J Spine 2010;7(2):96-98.

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Spinal Epidural Cavernous Hemangioma Resembling a Metastatic Tumor in an 89-year-old Man: A Case Report.
Korean J Spine. 2010;7(2):96-98.
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Spinal Epidural Cavernous Hemangioma Resembling a Metastatic Tumor in an 89-year-old Man: A Case Report.
Korean J Spine. 2010;7(2):96-98.
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Cavernous hemangioma is a vascular malformation that can be encountered in any organ of the body; however, purely epidural cavernous hemangioma is a rare entity with a benign nature. The authors report a case of thoracic epidural cavernous hemangioma in an 89-year-old man with radiologic findings resembling those of a metastatic spinal tumor. Initially, the patient refused surgery because of his age and presumed malignancy. However, due to the progression of bilateral leg weakness, he later underwent total mass removal and decompression without neurological deficit. Intraoperative findings and a postoperative biopsy revealed cavernous hemangioma. Because initial radiological findings may suggest a malignant nature for several benign pathologies, the authors recommend that, unless malignancy is proven, aggressive tissue biopsy and treatment should be considered, even in elderly patients.
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