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Variable | Total cohort | FTR | Non-FTR | p-value† |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total patients | 15,749 | 129 | 15,620 | |
Age in years, median (IQR) | 66 (15) | 69 (18.5) | 66 (15) | < 0.001 |
Female sex (biological) | 9,047 (57.4) | 50 (38.8) | 8,997 (57.6) | < 0.001 |
Race | 0.578 | |||
White | 12,675 (80.5) | 105 (81.4) | 12,570 (80.5) | |
Black | 1,463 (9.3) | 12 (9.3) | 1,451 (9.3) | |
Asian | 285 (1.8) | 4 (3.1) | 281 (1.8) | |
Other | 1,326 (8.4) | 8 (6.2) | 1,318 (8.4) | |
Hispanic ethnicity | 741 (4.7) | 3 (2.3) | 738 (4.7) | 0.200 |
BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 30.0 (4.8) | 29.8 (9.5) | 30.0 (8.8) | 0.134 |
Nonelective surgery | 1,937 (12.3) | 49 (38.0) | 1,888 (12.1) | < 0.001 |
Preoperative | ||||
RAI, median (IQR) | 21 (7) | 27 (12) | 21 (7) | 0.000 |
RAI frailty tier | < 0.001 | |||
0–20 | 7,080 (45.0) | 28 (21.7) | 7,052 (45.1) | |
21–25 | 5,522 (35.1) | 29 (22.5) | 5,493 (35.2) | |
26–30 | 2,074 (13.2) | 32 (24.8) | 2,042 (13.1) | |
31–35 | 668 (4.2) | 18 (14.0) | 650 (4.2) | |
36–40 | 290 (1.8) | 11 (8.5) | 279 (1.8) | |
41–45 | 89 (0.6) | 7 (5.4) | 82 (0.5) | |
≥ 46 | 26 (0.2) | 4 (3.1) | 22 (0.1) | |
Diabetes (insulin or noninsulin dependent) | 3,511 (22.3) | 38 (29.5) | 3,473 (22.2) | 0.050 |
Current smoker within 1 year | 2,668 (16.9) | 22 (17.1) | 2,646 (16.9) | 0.972 |
Hypertension | 10,269 (65.2) | 89 (69.0) | 10,180 (65.2) | 0.364 |
Chronic steroid use | 1,063 (6.7) | 18 (14.0) | 1,045 (6.7) | 0.001 |
Intubated | 69 (0.4) | 1 (0.8) | 68 (0.4) | 0.561 |
Bleeding disorder | 516 (3.3) | 9 (7.0) | 507 (3.2) | 0.018 |
Preoperative transfusion | 207 (1.3) | 4 (3.1) | 203 (1.3) | 0.074 |
Postoperative | ||||
Renal complications | 309 (2.0) | 14 (10.9) | 295 (1.9) | < 0.001 |
Acute renal failure | 103 (0.7) | 8 (6.2) | 95 (0.6) | < 0.001 |
Renal insufficiency | 208 (1.3) | 6 (4.7) | 202 (1.3) | < 0.001 |
Thrombosis/embolism complications | 856 (5.4) | 17 (13.2) | 839 (5.4) | < 0.001 |
Cerebrovascular accident | 170 (1.1) | 3 (2.3) | 167 (1.1) | 0.169 |
Pulmonary embolism | 695 (4.4) | 14 (10.9) | 681 (4.4) | < 0.001 |
Infection complications | 1,708 (10.8) | 13 (10.1) | 1,695 (10.9) | 0.778 |
Deep SSI | 653 (4.1) | 4 (3.1) | 649 (4.2) | 0.550 |
Organ space SSI | 490 (3.1) | 3 (2.3) | 487 (3.1) | 0.606 |
Sepsis | 905 (5.7) | 8 (6.2) | 897 (5.7) | 0.824 |
Pneumonia | 883 (5.6) | 26 (20.2) | 857 (5.5) | < 0.001 |
Unplanned intubation | 383 (2.4) | 49 (38.0) | 334 (2.1) | < 0.001 |
Bleeding requiring transfusion | 12,679 (80.5) | 61 (47.3) | 12,618 (80.8) | < 0.001 |
On ventilator greater than 48 hours | 302 (1.9) | 17 (13.2) | 285 (1.8) | < 0.001 |
Cardiac arrest | 112 (0.7) | 46 (35.7) | 66 (0.4) | 0.000 |
Myocardial infarction | 422 (2.7) | 18 (14.0) | 404 (2.6) | < 0.001 |
Septic shock | 228 (15.2) | 14 (10.9) | 214 (1.4) | < 0.001 |
Surgical Results of Flexion Distraction Injuries to the Thoracolumbar Spine2007 June;4(2)